Biomedical Journal of Indonesia (BJI) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of the scientific literature. The journal follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in addressing errors and concerns identified in published articles.

1. Corrections

BJI may issue a correction when errors are identified in a published article that require amendment but do not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions of the study.

Corrections may include errors in data presentation, figures, tables, author information, affiliations, or other relevant aspects of the published article.

Requests for corrections may be submitted by authors, readers, or other concerned parties to the editorial office. The editorial team will assess the reported errors and determine whether a formal correction is necessary.

When a correction is warranted, BJI will publish a clearly identified correction notice linked to the original article. The notice will describe the nature of the error and the information being corrected.

2. Retractions

BJI may retract a published article when there is sufficient evidence that its findings are unreliable or that serious violations of research and publication ethics have occurred.

Grounds for retraction may include:

• Fabrication or falsification of research data.
• Plagiarism or substantial overlap with previously published work.
• Duplicate or redundant publication.
• Serious methodological errors that invalidate the findings.
• Unethical research practices or significant ethical violations.
• Compromised peer review or other serious publication misconduct.

Retraction decisions will be made by the editorial team following an appropriate investigation and consideration of available evidence. Authors and relevant institutions may be contacted when necessary.

When an article is retracted, BJI will publish a retraction notice clearly stating the reasons for the decision. The notice will be linked to the original article, which will remain accessible and be clearly identified as retracted to preserve the scholarly record.

3. Editorial Procedures

All correction and retraction requests will be evaluated fairly, objectively, and confidentially during the assessment process.

The editorial team may request supporting documentation, seek clarification from the authors, or consult relevant experts and institutions before reaching a decision.

Editorial decisions will be based on the seriousness of the issue, the reliability of the published findings, and applicable publication ethics guidelines.

4. Transparency and Accessibility

Correction and retraction notices will be made publicly accessible through the journal's website and linked to the affected articles.

Where applicable, BJI will update article metadata and notify relevant indexing services to ensure that corrections or retractions are appropriately reflected in the scholarly record.

5. Submission of Requests

Authors, readers, and other stakeholders may report errors or request consideration of a correction or retraction by contacting the BJI editorial office through the official contact information available on the journal's website.

Requests should include the article title, DOI or publication URL, a clear description of the concern, and supporting evidence where available.