Biomedical Journal of Indonesia

Supplement Consumption and Facial Care Products on Acne Vulgaris: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Medical Students

Dara Ugi Aras — 2025-02-04

Introduction. Signs of acne vulgaris, a condition of widespread inflammation in pilosebaceous units, include blackheads, papules, pustules, and nodules. Acne vulgaris affects 85% of teenagers and young adults between the ages of 12 and 15. Acne vulgaris is primarily caused by hyperkeratinization of the pilosebaceous ducts, inflammation, mycobacterial infection, and excessive sebum production. The term dysseborrhea refers to the changes in sebum levels that happen during puberty, both in terms of quantity and quality. Apart from exogenous factors such as cosmetics and comedogenic medications, endogenous elements such as hormones and genetics can also contribute to the issue. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the use of face care products and supplementation and the incidence of acne vulgaris in medical students at the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar (Unismuh). Methods. For the study, a cross-sectional technique was used. The sample method used is simple random sampling. A sixteen-item questionnaire was used to gather data, which the Chi-Square test was then used to analyze. Results. The analysis yielded two significant results, a value of p=0.552 (p>0.05) showed no significant correlation between the incidence of acne vulgaris and the use of face products, and a value of p=0.132 (p>0.05) showed no significant correlation between the incidence of acne vulgaris and consumption of supplements. Conclusion. There is no correlation between consuming vitamins and using face care products to stop pupils from getting acne vulgaris.

Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Hyperuricemic Effects of Chrysin in a Rat Model of High Fructose Corn Syrup Induced Hyperuricemia

Hanifah Tahany — 2025-02-04

An increase in the blood level of uric acid, or hyperuricemia, is a disorder that can cause damage to the kidneys and gout among other health problems. Worldwide, the incidence of hyperuricemia has been rising, in part because of dietary factors such the use of HFCS, a prevalent sweetener found in processed foods. Thus, research into natural substances with anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperuricemia attributes, such as chrysin, is critical to the fields of therapeutic and preventive medicine. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperuricemic effects of chrysin in a rat model of hyperuricemia induced by high-fructose corn syrup. The research reveals that chrysin exerts its therapeutic effects through antioxidant activity and the inhibition of inflammatory signaling pathways, resulting in a decrease in oxidative stress and the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Treatment with chrysin leads to a significant increase in tissue weight, tissue index, and kidney histology, indicating its potential in mitigating kidney damage associated with hyperuricemia. The study demonstrates a dose-dependent reduction in IL-1β levels and inflammation activation with chrysin treatment, surpassing the anti-inflammatory effects of the comparison group. Furthermore, chrysin treatment reduces malondialdehyde concentration and mitigates the activation of inflammasome-related protein induced by high-fructose corn syrup. These findings highlight the promising therapeutic potential of chrysin in managing hyperuricemia and related metabolic disorders.

Comparative Analysis of Molecular Diagnostic Techniques for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Literature Review

Anita Rachmatunisa — 2025-02-04

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a global health problem that requires early and precise diagnosis for effective control. In this literature review, we compare several molecular diagnostic techniques used in the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis, such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS), and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), as well as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-based Diagnostic Techniques. Polymerase Chain Reaction stands out for its high sensitivity, although time-consuming and high operational costs. Meanwhile, whole genome sequencing and next generation sequencing have detailed tuberculosis (TB) strain identification capabilities but have high costs and limited availability. On the other hand, CRISPR-based diagnostic techniques offer speed and low cost but are still in the advanced stages of development. Challenges in implementing new techniques include technical barriers, logistics, and improving sensitivity and specificity. Suggestions for future research include the development of more effective, faster, and affordable techniques, especially in developing portable diagnostic tests for accessibility of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in various regions.

The Relationship Between Personal Hair Hygiene and The Incidence of Pityriasis Capitis in Students at Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University

Marsa Qalbina Abdi — 2025-02-04

Introduction. Pityriasis capitis or commonly known as dandruff, pityriasis sicca, pityriasis simplex is a disorder resulting from mild inflammation caused by excessive exfoliation of the stratum corneum which is characterized by the presence of white-gray flakes on the scalp and hair shaft. Personal hygiene, including self-care carried out by a person to protect and maintain their health. Aim the research to the relationship between personal hair hygiene and the incidence of pityriasis capitis in students at Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University. Methods. This study is quantitative research that applies an analytical approach by design cross-sectional. The research participants came from students at the Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University and total of 108 samples were selected using techniques consecutive sampling. The data in this study is primary data obtained from the results of questionnaires and scalp observations. Data analysis used SPSS version 25 and the test used was chi-square test. Results. Students who experience pityriasis capitis are 66 people (61.1%) with the largest gender experience it being women, namely 46 people (42.6%). Personal hair hygiene of students are in the medium category, namely 76 students (70.4%). There is a relationship between personal hair hygiene and the incidence of pityriasis capitis with a p-value of 0.029 (p<0.05). Conclusion. There is a relationship between personal hair hygiene and the incidence of pityriasis capitis in students at the Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University.

A Review of the Therapeutic Effects of Garlic in Lowering Blood Pressure: A Comprehensive Analysis of Recent Mechanisms and Existing Clinical Data

Ibnati Amira Hamdi — 2025-02-04

Hypertension is a medical condition characterized by an elevation in systolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 90 mmHg. Hypertension elevates the likelihood of developing cerebrovascular disease and mortality. The administration of conventional antihypertensive drugs frequently leads to the occurrence of adverse effects. Moreover, a significant proportion of the population in developing nations, approximately 70%, currently favors the utilization of herbal remedies as opposed to conventional pharmaceuticals. Garlic is a herbal plant known for its antihypertensive properties. This review specifically examines the current mechanisms by which garlic acts as an antihypertensive, and presents the clinical evidence available to date regarding garlic's effectiveness in lowering blood pressure. The present mechanism by which garlic acts as an antihypertensive agent involves its anti-inflammatory, vasorelaxant, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic effects, enhancement of microbiota activities, and improvement of heart function. The antihypertensive effect of garlic is derived from its organosulfur content. Based on multiple clinical trials, the majority of studies have found that administering interventions in the form of capsules containing garlic or aged black garlic extract leads to a decrease in blood pressure. Garlic has anti-hypertensive effects, especially in the form of aged black garlic extract.

Gummy Mandjah (Honey, Tamarind, Red Ginger) on Emesis in Pregnant Women

Huzaima Huzaima — 2025-02-04

Introduction. One of the discomforts that mothers frequently experience during the start of pregnancy is emesis gravidarum, which is characterized by nausea and vomiting. The welfare of the mother and child will be impacted if emesis episodes are not handled right away. Herbal remedies like red ginger, tamarind, and honey can help people stay healthy. The purpose of this study is to examine how “Gummy Mandjah” can help pregnant women experience less nausea. Methods. This study used a pre-experimental research design, one group pretest posttest. Giving gummy made from honey, tamarind, and red ginger to 20 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria, sampling technique using simple random sampling, Gummy was given for 14 days with a dose of 2 times a day and then assessed using the PUQE score. Results. The results obtained showed that there was a decrease in the frequency of emesis after consuming gummy with an average difference of 0.60. Data analysis used a paired sample t-test and showed that there was an effect of giving gummy on reducing emesis with a p-value of 0.001 < 0.05. Conclusion. Honey, tamarind, and ginger can be an option to overcome nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. These ingredients are easy to obtain, practical to process, and have minimal side effects. With gummy innovations or other forms, it can make it easier for pregnant women to consume them and reduce the dominant smell and taste of each ingredient that can trigger mothers not to want to consume them.

Analysis of Menstrual Periods, Menstrual Cycle, Menstrual Pain and Body Mass Index with the Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls

Merlin Karinda — 2025-02-04

Introduction. Periodic blood loss due to menstruation makes adolescent girls more susceptible to anemia. Menstrual periods such as prolonged menstruation, irregular monthly cycles, volume of blood loss, and health problems that accompany menstruation such as menstrual pain coupled with nutritional status can affect the occurrence of anemia in adolescents. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between menstrual periods, menstrual cycle, menstrual pain, and BMI with the incidence of anemia. Methods. This study was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 53 respondents of adolescent girls of the Mambaul Ulum Islamic Boarding School in Banjarmasin City using an accidental sampling technique and analyzed using chi-square. The study was conducted in July 2024. The respondent’s height was measured using a microtoise and weight using a scale. Furthermore, they filled out a questionnaire about the menstrual periods, menstrual cycle, and menstrual pain, and the hemoglobin levels were checked using the Easytouch tool. Results. There was a relationship between BMI and anemia with a p-value of 0.026. Conclusion. It is important to provide education about understanding good and sufficient eating patterns and nutrition, as well as education about the importance of taking iron tablets and education about the side effects of iron tablets in an effort to prevent anemia.