The causes of sarcopenia are thought to be multifactorial including: environmental
factors, illness, activation of inflammatory pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss
of neuromuscular junctions, reduced number of satellite cells and changes in the
quality of hormonal function. The mechanism of sarcopenia occurs because the aging
process coupled with reduced physical activity can cause the formation of cytokines
to increase so that inflammation is easy, insulin resistant, anabolic resistance and
neuromuscular impairments.