The Effectiveness of Awareness-Based SBCC Through Parenting Patterns and Intensive Nutrition in Handling Stunting in Ropang Subdistrict
Main Article Content
Introduction. Stunting is a public health indicator that reflects the quality of human resources and remains a significant challenge in various regions of Indonesia, including Ropang District, Sumbawa Regency. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an awareness-based Social Behavioral Change Communication (SBCC) approach through improved parenting and intensive nutrition in efforts to address stunting. Methods. The study used a mixed-method design with a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest approach involving 12 mothers with stunted children. The intervention was conducted over two months through face-to-face education, printed and digital educational media, and a community-based approach. Quantitative data analysis used the Wilcoxon test and paired t-test, while qualitative data was obtained from in-depth interviews and field observations. Results. The results showed a significant increase in parenting patterns (p=0.046) and eating patterns (p=0.025), while the increase in nutritional knowledge was not significantly different (p=0.564). Anthropometrically, there were significant differences in height (p=0.014) and weight (p=0.037) between the pre- and post-intervention periods. Conclusion. This improvement indicates that changes in parenting behavior and feeding practices, delivered through the SBCC approach, contributed to improvements in children's nutritional status.
Keywords:
Stunting
SBCC
Eating patterns
Parenting patterns
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28. Mulatu S, Gedif A, Tadesse F, Zemene W, Berhanu M, Workie HM. A high prevalence of stunting was observed among under-five children: A community-based cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2025 Apr;66:343–51. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.060
29. Nguyen PH, Neupane S, Pant A, Avula R, Herforth A. Diet Quality Among Mothers and Children in India: Roles of Social and Behavior Change Communication and Nutrition-Sensitive Social Protection Programs. J Nutr. 2024 Sep;154(9):2784–94. doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.07.026
30. Dewey KG, Arnold CD, Wessells KR, Prado EL, Abbeddou S, Adu-Afarwuah S, et al. Preventive small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements reduce severe wasting and severe stunting among young children: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 Nov;116(5):1314–33. doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac232
2. World Health Organization. The Global Health Observatory [Internet]. Joint child malnutrition estimates. Available from: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/joint-child-malnutrition-estimates-unicef-who-wb
3. Puskesmas Ropang. Stunting prevalence data in the working area of Ropang Public Health Center in 2025. [Unpublished secondary data]. Sumbawa: Puskesmas Ropang; 2025.
4. Ramadhani FN, Kandarina BI, Gunawan IMA. Pola Asuh dan Pola Makan sebagai Faktor Risiko Stunting Balita Usia 6-24 Bulan Suku Papua dan Non Papua. Ber Kedokt Masy. 2019;35(5):175–83. doi:10.22146/bkm.46336
5. Syafei A, Afriyani R, Apriani. Hubungan Pola Asuh Pemberian Makan Dengan Kejadian Stunting. J Kesehat Dan Pembang. 2023 Jan 27;13(25):1–5. doi:10.52047/jkp.v13i25.217
6. Soofi SB, Khan GN, Sajid M, Hussainyar MA, Shams S, Shaikh M, et al. Specialized nutritious foods and behavior change communication interventions during the first 1000 days of life to prevent stunting: a quasi-experimental study in Afghanistan. Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 Sep;120(3):560–9. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.07.007
7. Save the Children Indonesia. Meningkatkan Gizi melalui Program Komunikasi Perubahan Sosial dan Perilaku (SBCC) di Indonesia. Save the Children Indonesia; 2024.
8. Flax VL, Ipadeola A, Schnefke CH, Kwasu S, Mikail AA, Bose S, et al. Complementary Feeding Social and Behavior Change Communication for Fathers and Mothers Improves Children’s Consumption of Fish and Eggs and Minimum Meal Frequency in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Curr Dev Nutr. 2022 May;6(5):nzac075. doi:10.1093/cdn/nzac075
9. Maulidiyanti M, Hawadi LF, Anshari D. Efektivitas Komunikasi Perubahan Sosial dan Perilaku dalam Peningkatan Pengetahuan Gizi Remaja: Scoping Review. J Kesehat Vokasional. 2024 Nov 30;9(4):286. doi:10.22146/jkesvo.101643
10. Symond D, Purnakarya I, Rahmy HA, Firdaus F, Erwinda E. Peningkatan Penerapan Intervensi Gizi Terintegrasi Untuk Anak Stunting Di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Bul Ilm Nagari Membangun. 2020 Mar 31;3(1):1–9. doi:10.25077/bina.v3i1.160
11. Creswell JW. Riset Pendidikan: Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, dan Evaluasi Riset Kualitatif & Kuantitatif. 5th ed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar; 2015.
12. Khairiyah D, Fayasari A. Perilaku higiene dan sanitasi meningkatkan risiko kejadian stunting balita usia 12-59 bulan di Banten. Ilmu Gizi Indonesia. 2020 Feb 24;3(2):123. doi:10.35842/ilgi.v3i2.137
13. Syuaib AA, Yati S, Marsaoly RR. Hubungan Pola Makan dengan Stunting pada Balita di Puskesmas Jambula. Sari Pediatri. 2024 Aug 29;26(2):97–101. doi:10.14238/sp26.2.2024.97-101
14. Pasaribu IH, Rahayu MA, Marlina R. Implementasi Feeding Rules Untuk Mencegah Permasalahan Gizi Pada Balita. J Pengabdi Masy Mandira Cendikia. 2023 Dec 20;2(11):40–5.
15. Trisyani K, Fara YD, Mayasari AT, Abdullah. Hubungan faktor ibu dengan kejadian stunting. J Matern Aisyah JAMAN AISYAH. 2020;1(3):189–97.
16. Suryani K, Rini MT, Hardika BD, Widiastari NK. Analisis Faktor Penyebab Kejadian Stunting. J Keperawatan Florence Nightingale. 2023 Jun 30;6(1):8–12. doi:10.52774/jkfn.v6i1.112
17. Hidayat T, Febriana A, Widniah AZ. Prevention Of Stunting Problems In The Family Through The Approach of Personal Communication. J Health Sci Gorontalo J Health Sci Community. 2023 Jan 13;7(1):19–26. doi:10.35971/gojhes.v7i1.17423
18. Rosha BC, Yunita I, Amaliah N, Winarto AT. Specific and Sensitive Nutritional Intervention Toward Stunting in Mandalahayu Village, Tasikmalaya District: A Qualitative Study. In: The proceedings of the 2nd Bakti Tunas Husada-Health Science International Conference (BTH-HSIC 2019) [Internet]. Tasikmalaya, Indonesia: Atlantis Press; 2020. doi:10.2991/ahsr.k.200523.075
19. Dearden K, Mulokozi G, Linehan M, Cherian D, Torres S, West J, et al. The Impact of a Large-Scale Social and Behavior Change Communication Intervention in the Lake Zone Region of Tanzania on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Stunting Prevention. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 10;20(2):1214. doi:10.3390/ijerph20021214
20. Masya H, Salim Alatas. Intervensi Sosial Sebagai Strategi Komunikasi Dalam Menurunkan Stunting di Sidoarjo Jawa Timur. Communicology J Ilmu Komun. 2024 Jul 8;12(1):104–24. doi:10.21009/COMM.032.07
21. Laranjo L. Social Media and Health Behavior Change. In: Participatory Health Through Social Media. Elsevier; 2016. p. 83–111. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809269-9.00006-2
22. Islam KF, Awal A, Mazumder H, Munni UR, Majumder K, Afroz K, et al. Social cognitive theory-based health promotion in primary care practice: A scoping review. Heliyon. 2023 Apr;9(4):e14889. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14889
23. Dickin KL, Litvin K, McCann JK, Coleman FM. Exploring the Influence of Social Norms on Complementary Feeding: A Scoping Review of Observational, Intervention, and Effectiveness Studies. Curr Dev Nutr. 2021 Feb;5(2):nzab001. doi:10.1093/cdn/nzab001
24. Eriksson M, Sundberg LR, Santosa A, Lindgren H, Ng N, Lindvall K. Health behavioural change – the influence of social-ecological factors and health identity. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-Being. 2025 Dec 31;20(1):2458309. doi:10.1080/17482631.2025.2458309
25. Bouton ME. Context, attention, and the switch between habit and goal-direction in behavior. Learn Behav. 2021 Dec;49(4):349–62. doi:10.3758/s13420-021-00488-z
26. Kwasnicka D, Dombrowski SU, White M, Sniehotta F. Theoretical explanations for maintenance of behaviour change: a systematic review of behaviour theories. Health Psychol Rev. 2016 Jul 2;10(3):277–96. doi:10.1080/17437199.2016.1151372
27. Pakaya Y, Kadir S, Kasim VNA. Implementasi Kebijakan Intervensi Gizi Sensitif dalam Penanganan Stunting di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Health Inf J Penelit. 2023 Dec 11;e1244–e1244.
28. Mulatu S, Gedif A, Tadesse F, Zemene W, Berhanu M, Workie HM. A high prevalence of stunting was observed among under-five children: A community-based cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2025 Apr;66:343–51. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.01.060
29. Nguyen PH, Neupane S, Pant A, Avula R, Herforth A. Diet Quality Among Mothers and Children in India: Roles of Social and Behavior Change Communication and Nutrition-Sensitive Social Protection Programs. J Nutr. 2024 Sep;154(9):2784–94. doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.07.026
30. Dewey KG, Arnold CD, Wessells KR, Prado EL, Abbeddou S, Adu-Afarwuah S, et al. Preventive small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements reduce severe wasting and severe stunting among young children: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 Nov;116(5):1314–33. doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac232
