Shared Mattresses, Combs, and Residential Sanitation Associated with Pediculosis Capitis in Orphanages

Qoonitah Salsabiil Putri Istanta; Siti Rohani; Chairil Anwar

doi:10.32539/bji.v12i2.325

Qoonitah Salsabiil Putri Istanta

Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, Palembang, Indonesia

Siti Rohani

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, Palembang, Indonesia

Chairil Anwar

Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang, Palembang, Indonesia

Abstract
References

Introduction. Head lice infestation (pediculosis capitis) continues to be a widespread health issue among children, especially in orphanages. Pediculosis capitis often occurs due to sharing personal items and poor residential sanitation conditions. Methods. This study applied an observational analytic design using a cross-sectional approach, conducted across nine orphanages in South Sumatra Province. Independent variables included sharing personal items and residential sanitation factors such as occupancy density, ventilation, lighting, temperature, and humidity, while the dependent variable was pediculosis capitis occurrence. Results. Pediculosis capitis prevalence reached 37.7%. Sharing mattresses (p = 0.038) and combs (p = 0.016) showed a significant association with pediculosis capitis, while sharing bed sheets, blankets, pillows, towels, headscarves, prayer garments, and caps was not significantly associated. In terms of residential sanitation, occupancy density (p = 0.002), ventilation (p < 0.001), and lighting (p < 0.001) were significantly related to the occurrence of pediculosis capitis. Meanwhile, temperature (p = 0.678) and humidity (p = 0.585) did not show a significant relationship. Conclusion. Pediculosis capitis occurrence is linked to sharing certain personal items and various residential sanitation factors.

Keywords: Orphanage Pediculosis capitis Residential sanitation Shared mattresses Comb

1. CDC. Pediculosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2024. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/pediculosis/index.html
2. Nurmatialila W, Widyatami, Utami A. Hubungan antara Tingkat Pengetahuan mengenai Pedikulosis Kapitis dan Praktik Kebersihan Diri dengan Kejadian Pedikulosis Kapitis pada Siswa SDN 1 Tunggak, Kecamatan Toroh, Kabupaten Grobogan. J Kedokt Diponegoro. 2019 Jul;8(3):1081–91.
3. Riswanda J, Anwar C, Zulkarnain M, Sitorus RJ, Ghiffari A. The Prevalence of Pediculosis Capitis at Orphanages in Palembang City, South Sumatra (Indonesia). Contag Sci Period J Public Heal Coast Heal. 2023;5(2):612–25.
4. Lukman N, Armiyanti Y, Agustina D. Hubungan Faktor-Faktor Risiko Pediculosis capitis terhadap Kejadiannya pada Santri di Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Ulum Kabupaten Jember. The Correlation of Risk Factors to the Incidence of Pediculosis capitis on Students in Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Ulum, Kabupaten Jember. J Agromedicine Med Sci (AMS). 2018;4(2):102–9.
5. Maharani A, Pandaleke HEJ, Niode NJ. Hubungan Kebersihan Kepala dengan Pedikulosis Kapitis pada Komunitas Dinding di Pasar Bersehati Manado. J e-CliniC. 2020;8(1):163–71.
6. Sari RP, Handayani D, Prasasty GD, Anwar C, Fatmawati. Correlation between the Use of Shared Goods with Pediculosis Capitis among Students in Pondok Pesantren Subulussalam Palembang. J Agromedicine Med Sci (AMS). 2022;8(2):78–84.
7. Rahmita, Arifin S., Hayatie L. Hubungan Kepadatan Hunian dan Kelembapan Ruangan dengan Kejadian Pedikulosis Kapitis. Homeostasis. 2019;2(1):155–60.
8. Novatria, Anwar C, Sitorus RJ. Pengaruh Faktor Sanitasi terhadap Kejadian Pedikulosis Kapitis di Panti Asuhan Kota Palembang. J Epidemiol Kesehat Komunitas. 2019;4(2):73–7.
9. Angelia, Sutanto IK, Susanto DH. Studi prevalensi pedikulosis kapitis di Pondok Pesantren X Jakarta Barat. J Kedokt Meditek. 2023 May 22;29(2):129–37.
10. Song C, Malini NKC. Faktor risiko pediculosis capitis pada anak-anak di Banjar Buaji Anyar, Denpasar Timur, Bali. Tarumanegara Med J. 2024;6(2):181–93.
11. Ratnaningrum K, Meivitaningrum RN, Kurniati ID, Prihandani OR, Nugraheni DM. Risk Factors Associated of Pediculosis Capitis Among Elementary School, Semarang City. LSISHS 2022. 2023;60:75–80.
12. Yunida S, Rachmawati K, Musafaah. Faktor-Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pediculosis capitis di SMP Darul Hijrah Putri Martapura : Case-Control Study. Dunia Keperawatan J Keperawatan dan Kesehat. 2016;4(2):124–32.
13. Arsinta D. Association of Sharing Materials with Pediculosis Capitis in Students of Pondok Pesantren Tahfidzil Qur’an Yayasan Tijarotal Lan Tabur Palembang. Majalah Kedokteran Sriwijaya. 2019;51(3):155-163
14. Riswanda J, Arisandi Y. Pediculosis Capitis. 1st ed. Media Q, editor. Pasuruan: CV. Penerbit Qiara Media; 2021. 14–15 p.
15. Islami AC, Natalia D, Zakiah M. Efektivitas Penyuluhan Menggunakan Media Audiovisual terhadap Personal Hygiene dan Angka Kejadian Pediculosis capitis pada Santri Putri Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) di Pondok Pesantren X, Kecamatan Mempawah Timur. J Nas Ilmu Kesehat. 2020;3(1):29–43.